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1.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 28: e50366, jan.-dez. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1139121

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo discutir as evidências disponíveis sobre uso de ultrassonografia na implantação/manutenção de cateter venoso central de inserção periférica no neonato crítico. Método scoping review, baseada nas recomendações de especialistas do Joanna Briggs Institute. Para identificar a questão de investigação foi seguida a versão PCC - Population, Concept and Context. As buscas foram realizadas entre janeiro e março de 2020, em três bases dados e no Google Scholar. Resultados das 354 publicações encontradas resultou uma amostra de 15 artigos, publicados em diversos países, entre 2016 e 2020, em inglês e português. A maioria evidenciava uso da ultrasound point of care (POCUS) para escolha do sítio venoso ou localização da ponta do cateter. Conclusão são necessários mais estudos, investigando a efetividade da POCUS na inserção/manutenção de cateter epicutâneo em neonatos críticos, para basear sua adoção como padrão ouro nesta clientela. O manejo por enfermeiros ainda é incipiente.


RESUMEN Objetivo discutir la evidencia disponible sobre el uso de el ultrasonido en la inserción y mantenimiento de catéteres venosos centrales de inserción periférica en neonatos críticos. Método esta revisión de alcance se basó en recomendaciones de expertos del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Se utilizó el enfoque de población, concepto y contexto (PCC) para identificar la pregunta de investigación. El estudio se realizó entre enero y marzo de 2020 en tres bases de datos y Google Scholar. Resultados en las 354 publicaciones encontradas se obtuvo una muestra de 15 artículos publicados en varios países entre 2016 y 2020, en inglés y portugués. La mayoría mostró que se usaba el punto de atención de ultrasonido (POCUS) para elegir el sitio venoso o ubicar la punta del catéter. Conclusión se necesitan más estudios para investigar la efectividad de POCUS en la inserción y mantenimiento de catéteres epicutáneos en neonatos críticos, para respaldar su adopción como el estándar de oro en esta clientela. El manejo por parte de enfermeras es aún incipiente.


ABSTRACT Objective to discuss the available evidence on the use of ultrasound in insertion and maintenance of peripherally inserted central venous catheters in critical neonates. Method this scoping review was based on recommendations by experts from the Joanna Briggs Institute. The population, concept and context (PCC) approach was used to identify the research question. The study was carried out between January and March 2020 in three databases and Google Scholar. Results a sample of 15 articles published in several countries between 2016 and 2020, in English and Portuguese, was obtained in the 354 publications found. Most showed ultrasound point of care (POCUS) being used to choose the venous site or locate the catheter tip. Conclusion further studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of POCUS in insertion and maintenance of epicutaneous catheters in critical neonates, to support its adoption as the gold standard in this clientele. Handling by nurses is still incipient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Ultrasonography, Interventional/standards , Critical Care/methods , Point-of-Care Testing
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(4): 458-464, abr. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014247

ABSTRACT

Background: Placing central venous lines under ultrasonographic guidance reduces the complications of the procedure. Aim: To compare prevalences of complications of central venous line placements with or without ultrasonographic guidance. Material and Methods: Descriptive study that contemplated the comparison of two groups of patients subjected to a central venous line placement at a nephrology service for renal replacement therapy. In one group of 100 patients, the line was placed without ultrasonographic guidance between 2008 and 2012. Between 2015 and 2017 the line was placed in 138 patients using ultrasonographic guidance. The prevalences of complications with both types of procedures were recorded. Results: The frequency of complications of procedures with and without ultrasonographic guidance was 0.7 and 18% respectively (prevalence ratio 0.04, 95% confidence interval 0-0.3). Ninety five percent of recorded complications were arterial puncture, followed by hematomas in 10% and pneumothorax in 5%. The higher prevalence of complications was observed in emergency line placement without ultrasonographic guidance. There was a direct association between the number of line placement attempts in a single procedure and the prevalence of complications. Conclusions: Ultrasonographic guidance is associated with a reduction in the prevalence of central venous line complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Pneumothorax/etiology , Pneumothorax/epidemiology , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Renal Dialysis/instrumentation , Renal Dialysis/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods , Sex Distribution , Hematoma/etiology , Hematoma/epidemiology
3.
Acta Paul. Enferm. (Online) ; 32(2): 139-146, Mar.-Abr. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1001055

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar as variações nos níveis de marcadores de hemólise em CH administrados por CCIP segundo o calibre do cateter. Método: Estudo experimental realizado em laboratório com condições de temperatura e umidade controladas. A amostra teve 36 alíquotas de sangue de 10 bolsas de hemácias com tipo de sangue A+; infusão de gravidade foi utilizada em seis CCIP de 3Fr (French) e seis de 4Fr, totalizando 12 experimentos divididos em três tempos: basal, fluxo livre e fluxo controlado. Analisou-se grau de hemólise, valores totais e livres de hemoglobina, desidrogenase láctica e potássio. Resultados: Houve aumento da média de hemoglobina livre (p=0,01) e grau de hemólise (p=0,01) após infusão de fluxo livre, com média de elevação de 0,04 de potássio (p<0,01) e redução de hemoglobina total (p=0,01) em fluxo controlado. O concentrado de hemácias aplicadas em 4Fr CCIP teve média de elevação de grau de fluxo. O CCIP de 3Fr teve aumento médio significante em grau de hemólise (p=0,03) e hemoglobina livre (p=0,01) após controle do fluxo. Conclusão: O CCIP de 4Fr foram associados a maiores mudanças nos marcadores de hemólise. Maior dimensão do calibre pode proporcionar fluxo turbulento, contribuindo para um maior choque entre as hemácias.


Resumen Objetivo: Identificar las variaciones de los niveles de marcadores de hemólisis en CE administrados por CCIP según el calibre del catéter. Método: Estudio experimental realizado en laboratorio en condiciones de temperatura y humedad controladas. La muestra tenía 36 alícuotas de sangre de 10 bolsas de eritrocitos con tipo de sangre A+; fue utilizada infusión por gravedad en seis CCIP de 3 FR (French) y seis de 4 FR, un total de 12 experimentos divididos en tres tiempos: basal, flujo libre y flujo controlado. Se analizó el nivel de hemólisis, valores totales y libres de hemoglobina, deshidrogenasa láctica y potasio. Resultados: Hubo un aumento del promedio de hemoglobina libre (p=0,01) y nivel de hemólisis (p=0,01) después de infusión de flujo libre, con promedio de elevación de 0,04 de potasio (p<0,01) y reducción de hemoglobina total (p=0,01) en flujo controlado. El concentrado de eritrocitos aplicados en 4 FR CCIP tuvo promedio de elevación de nivel de flujo. El CCIP de 3 FR tuvo un aumento promedio significativo en nivel de hemólisis (p=0,03) y hemoglobina libre (p=0,01) después de control de flujo. Conclusión: El CCIP de 4 FR fue asociado a mayores cambios en los marcadores de hemólisis. Mayor dimensión del calibre puede proporcionar flujo turbulento, lo que contribuye a un mayor choque entre los eritrocitos.


Abstract Objective: To evaluate the change in hemolysis markers in packed red blood cells, administered by gravity infusion in non-valved PICC lines, according to different sizes. Methods: Experimental study carried out in laboratory under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity. The sample had 36 blood aliquots from 10 packed red blood cells bags with A positive blood type; gravity infusion was used in six 3 French (Fr) PICC and in six 4Fr PICC, totaling 12 experiments divided in three moments: Basal, Free Flow and Controlled Flow. Degree of hemolysis, total and free hemoglobin values, lactic dehydrogenase and potassium were analyzed. Results: There was an average increase of free hemoglobin (p=0.01) and degree of hemolysis (p=0.01) after Free Flow infusion, with 0.04 average elevation of potassium (p<0.01) and decrease of total hemoglobin (p=0.01) in Controlled Flow. The packed red blood cells infused in 4Fr PICC had average elevation of degree of hemolysis (p=0.03) in Free Flow, and potassium (p=0.03) and degree of hemolysis (p=0.05) in the Controlled Flow. The 3Fr PICC had significant average increase in the degree of hemolysis (p=0.03) and free hemoglobin (p=0.01) after flow control. Conclusion: The 4Fr PICC were associated to higher changes in hemolysis markers. We infer that the larger size can provide a turbulent flow, contributing to a larger clash among red blood cells.


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Transfusion , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Erythrocytes , Central Venous Catheters , Hemolysis , Catheters , Vascular Access Devices
4.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(1): 50-56, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-990652

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the factors that influence the knowledge and behavior of professionals of neonatal and pediatric units about bundled strategies of insertion of central venous catheter. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in one neonatal and one pediatric intensive care units in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from April to July, 2016. The sample consisted of 255 professionals who answered a structured instrument. Descriptive and comparative analyses were made using the SPSS software. Results: The category nursing professional (p = 0.010), working hours of 12×36 scale (p < 0.001), training as a form of acquiring knowledge (p < 0.001) and participation in training programs (p < 0.001) are associated to greater knowledge about the bundle. Regarding behavior, no significant associations were observed. Conclusion: The study showed that there are factors that influence the knowledge about bundled strategies of insertion of central venous catheter, reflecting the need to consider these practices for making more effective educational practices in health care.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar los factores que influencian el conocimiento y comportamiento de los profesionales de unidades neonatales y pediátricas sobre el bundle de inserción del catéter venoso central. Método: Estudio transversal que se realizó en dos unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal y pediátrica de un hospital público de Belo Horizonte, en el período de abril a julio de 2016. La muestra se constituyó de 255 profesionales, que respondieron a un instrumento estructurado. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y comparativos por medio del software SPSS. Resultados: La categoría profesional de enfermero (p = 0,010), la jornada de trabajo de 12 × 36 horas (p < 0,001), el entrenamiento como forma de adquisición del conocimiento (p < 0,001) y la participación en entrenamientos (p < 0,001) se asocian al mayor conocimiento sobre el bundle. En cuanto al comportamiento, no se observaron asociaciones significativas. Conclusión: Se ha revelado que existen factores que influencian el conocimiento sobre el bundle de inserción de catéter central, reflejando la necesidad de considerarlos para la realización de prácticas educativas más efectivas en salud.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os fatores que influenciam o conhecimento e comportamento dos profissionais de unidades neonatais e pediátricas sobre o bundle de inserção do cateter venoso central. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado em duas unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica de um hospital público de Belo Horizonte, no período de abril a julho de 2016. A amostra constituiu-se de 255 profissionais, que responderam a um instrumento estruturado. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e comparativas por meio do software SPSS. Resultados: A categoria profissional de enfermeiro (p = 0,010), a jornada de trabalho de 12×36 horas (p < 0,001), o treinamento como forma de aquisição do conhecimento (p < 0,001) e a participação em treinamentos (p < 0,001) estão associados ao maior conhecimento sobre o bundle. Quanto ao comportamento, não se observou associações significativas. Conclusão: Revelou-se que existem fatores que influenciam o conhecimento sobre o bundle de inserção de cateter central, refletindo a necessidade de considerá-los para a realização de práticas educativas mais efetivas em saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Patient Care Bundles/standards , Brazil , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheterization, Central Venous/trends , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/organization & administration , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/trends , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Clinical Competence/standards , Patient Care Bundles/methods , Middle Aged
5.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 68(4): 336-343, July-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-958315

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives Perioperative physicians occasionally encounter situations where central venous catheters placed preoperatively turn out to be unnecessary. The purpose of this retrospective study is to identify the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement and determine the factors associated with the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement. Methods Using data from institutional perioperative central venous catheter surveillance, we analysed data from 1,141 patients who underwent central venous catheter placement. We reviewed the central venous catheter registry and medical charts and allocated registered patients into those with the proper or with unnecessary application of central venous catheter according to standard indications. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement. Results In 107 patients, representing 9.38% of the overall population, we identified the unnecessary application of central venous catheter placement. Multivariate analysis identified emergencies at night or on holidays (odds ratio [OR] 2.109, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.021-4.359), low surgical risk (OR = 1.729, 95% CI 1.038-2.881), short duration of anesthesia (OR = 0.961/10 min increase, 95% CI 0.945-0.979), and postoperative care outside of the intensive care unit (OR = 2.197, 95% CI 1.402-3.441) all to be independently associated with the unnecessary application of catheterization. Complications related to central venous catheter placement when the procedure consequently turned out to be unnecessary were frequently observed (9/107) compared with when the procedure was necessary (40/1034) (p = 0.032, OR = 2.282, 95% CI 1.076-4.842). However, the subsequent multivariate logistic model did not hold this significant difference (p = 0.0536, OR = 2.115, 95% CI 0.988-4.526). Conclusions More careful consideration for the application of central venous catheter is required in cases of emergency surgery at night or on holidays, during low risk surgery, with a short duration of anesthesia, or in cases that do not require postoperative intensive care.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivo No perioperatório, os médicos ocasionalmente encontram situações nas quais um cateter venoso central colocado pré-operativamente se revela desnecessário. O objetivo deste estudo retrospectivo foi identificar a colocação desnecessária de um cateter venoso central e determinar os fatores associados à colocação desnecessária de cateter venoso central. Métodos Com os dados da vigilância institucional de cateter venoso central no período perioperatório, analisamos 1.141 pacientes submetidos à colocação de cateter venoso central. Revisamos o registro de cateter venoso central e os prontuários médicos e alocamos os pacientes registrados entre aqueles com colocação adequada ou desnecessária de cateter venoso central, de acordo com as indicações padronizadas. Uma análise multivariada foi usada para identificar os fatores associados à colocação desnecessária de cateter venoso central. Resultados Em 107 pacientes, que representaram 9,38% da população global, identificamos a colocação desnecessária de cateter venoso central. A análise multivariada identificou emergências à noite ou em feriados (razão de chances [OR] 2,109; 95% de intervalo de confiança [IC 95%] 1,021-4,359), baixo risco cirúrgico (OR = 1,729; IC 95%: 1,038-2,881), curta duração da anestesia (OR = 0,961/10 min de aumento; IC 95%: 0,945-0,979) e assistência pós-operatória fora da unidade de terapia intensiva (OR = 2,197; IC 95%: 1,402-3,441), todos independentemente associados à aplicação desnecessária de cateterização. Complicações relacionadas à colocação de cateter venoso central, quando esse procedimento revelou-se desnecessário, foram frequentemente observadas (9/107), em comparação com a necessidade da execução desse procedimento (40/1.034) (p = 0,032, OR = 2,282; IC 95%: 1,076-4,842). Porém, o modelo logístico multivariável subsequente não manteve essa diferença significativa (p = 0,0536, OR = 2,1515; IC 95%: 0,988-4,526). Conclusão É preciso que uma análise mais cuidadosa seja feita sobre a colocação de cateter venoso central em casos de cirurgia de emergência à noite ou em feriados, durante cirurgia de baixo risco, em anestesia de curta duração ou em casos que não requeiram terapia intensiva no pós-operatório.


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Inappropriate Prescribing , Perioperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Emergencies , Anesthesia/methods
6.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 68(3): 260-265, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-958284

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: There are different ultrasound probe positions used for internal jugular venous catheter placement. Also, in-plane or out of plane needle approach may be used for catheterization. Transverse short-axis classic approach is the most popular performed approach in literature. "Syringe-Free" is a new described technique that is performed with oblique long-axis approach. We aimed to compare performance of these two approaches. Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective and randomized study. 80 patients were included the study and allocated into two groups that were named Group C (transverse short-axis classic approach) and Group SF (oblique long-axis syringe-free approach) by a computer-generated randomization. The primary outcome was mean time that guidewire is seen in the Internal jugular vein (performing time). The secondary outcomes were to compare number of needle pass, number of skin puncture and complications between two groups. Results: Demographic and hemodynamic data were not significantly different. The mean performing time was 54.9 ± 19.1 s in Group C and 43.9 ± 15.8 s in Group SF. Significant differences were found between the groups (p = 0.006). Mean number of needle pass was 3.2 (± 2.1) in Group C and 2.1 (± 1.6) in Group SF. There were statistically significant differences between two groups (p = 0.002). The number of skin puncture was 1.6 (± 0.8) and 1.2 (± 0.5) in Group C and SF, respectively (p = 0.027). Conclusion: "Syringe-Free" technique has lower performing time, number of needle pass and skin puncture. Also, it allows to follow progress of guide-wire under continuous ultrasound visualization and the procedure does not need assistance during catheter insertion. Namely, "Syringe-Free" is effective, safe and fast technique that may be used to place internal jugular venous catheter.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Há diferentes posições do probe do ultrasom que são utilizadas para a colocação de cateter em veia jugular interna. Além disso, a aproximação da agulha no plano ou fora do plano pode ser usada para o cateterismo. A abordagem transversal clássica no eixo curto é a abordagem mais popular na literatura. Sem seringa é uma nova técnica descrita, realizada com a abordagem oblíqua no eixo longo. Nosso objetivo foi comparar o desempenho dessas duas abordagens. Métodos: Este foi um estudo prospectivo e randômico. No total, 80 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo e divididos em dois grupos denominados Grupo C (abordagem transversal clássica no eixo curto) e Grupo SF (abordagem sem seringa oblíqua no eixo longo) por meio de randomização gerada por computador. O desfecho primário foi o tempo médio para a visibilização do fio-guia na veia jugular interna (tempo de execução). Os desfechos secundários foram o número de passagens da agulha, o número de punções da pele e as complicações entre os dois grupos. Resultados: Os dados demográficos e hemodinâmicos não foram significativamente diferentes. O tempo médio de execução foi de 54,9 ± 19,1 segundos no Grupo C e 43,9 ± 15,8 segundos no Grupo SF. Diferenças significativas foram observadas entre os grupos (p = 0,006). O número médio de passagens da agulha foi de 3,2 (± 2,1) no Grupo C e 2,1 (± 1,6) no Grupo SF. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos (p = 0,002). O número de punções da pele foi de 1,6 (± 0,8) no Grupo C e 1,2 (± 0,5) C no Grupo SF (p = 0,027). Conclusão: A técnica sem seringa apresentou tempo de execução, número de passagens da agulha e número de punções da pele menores. Além disso, essa técnica permite acompanhar o progresso do fio-guia com visibilização ecográfica contínua e o procedimento não precisa de auxílio durante a inserção do cateter. Ou seja, sem seringa é uma técnica eficaz, segura e rápida que pode ser usada para a colocação de cateter em veia jugular interna.


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Jugular Veins , Syringes , Prospective Studies
7.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 68(2): 183-185, Mar.-Apr. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897832

ABSTRACT

Abstract Central venous catheter placement is a relatively common procedure in current practice, but it is not devoid of risks. Utmost care must be taken to follow a correct technique, and only appropriately trained and/or supervised medical professionals should perform this invasive act. One of the possible complications, completely avoidable by appropriate care, is the intravascular loss of the guide wire during insertion, which is a potentially serious complication. We describe one such case.


Resumo A colocação de cateter venoso central é um procedimento relativamente comum na prática atual, mas não é isenta de riscos. O máximo de cuidado deve ser tomado para seguir a técnica correta e somente profissionais da área médica devidamente treinados e/ou supervisionados devem fazer esse ato invasivo. Uma das muitas complicações possíveis, totalmente evitável com os cuidados adequados, é a perda intravascular do fio-guia durante a inserção, o que é uma complicação potencialmente grave. Descrevemos um desses casos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Foreign Bodies/diagnostic imaging , Foreign Bodies/prevention & control
9.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(8): 680-690, Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886228

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To compare the fixation of the central venous catheter (CVC) using two suture techniques. Methods: A clinical, analytical, interventional, longitudinal, prospective, controlled, single-blind and randomized study in adult, intensive care unit (ICU) patients. After admission and indication of CVC use, the patients were allocated to the Wing group (n = 35, catheter fixation with clamping wings and retainers) or Shoelace group (n = 35, catheter fixation using shoelace cross-tied sutures around the device). Displacement, kinking, fixation failure, hyperemia at the insertion site, purulent secretion, loss of the device, psychomotor agitation, mental confusion, and bacterial growth at the insertion site were evaluated. Results: Compared with the Wing group, the Shoelace group had a lower occurrence of catheter displacement (n=0 versus n =4; p = 0.04), kinking (n=0 versus n=8; p=0.001), and fixation failure (n=2 versus n=8; p=0.018). No significant difference was found in bacterial growth (n=20 versus n=14; p=0.267) between groups. Conclusion: The Shoelace fixation technique presented fewer adverse events than the Wing fixation technique.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Sutures , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Suture Techniques/instrumentation , Central Venous Catheters , Sutures/microbiology , Severity of Illness Index , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Single-Blind Method , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Suture Techniques/adverse effects , Sex Distribution , Statistics, Nonparametric , Intensive Care Units
10.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 74(4): 289-294, jul.-ago. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888628

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: En pediatría se reportan complicaciones del catéter central de inserción periférica (CCIP) del 30 al 40% de los casos, siendo los factores de riesgo más frecuentes la edad del paciente y la localización del CCIP. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir las características de los CCIP e identificar los factores relacionados con su retiro debido a complicaciones. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte prospectiva. Se incluyeron pacientes de 2 meses a 18 años de edad. Se les dio seguimiento hasta el retiro del CCIP. Se registró la edad, sexo, medicamentos administrados, localización del CCIP, calibre, número de lúmenes, días que estuvo colocado y el motivo del retiro. Se realizó análisis univariado y multivariado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 225 pacientes. En 33.02%, el CCIP fue retirado por alguna complicación. En el análisis bivariado, la edad y la localización fueron los factores asociados con las complicaciones. Se realizó un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox y se identificó que solamente el grosor del calibre se asoció con cualquier complicación (razón de tasas (RT): 0.5, intervalo de confianza (IC)95%: 0.35-0.99), y la edad (RT: 1.02, IC95%: 1-1.04) solamente con el retiro del CCIP por sospecha de flebitis. Conclusiones: El 33% de los pacientes presentaron retiro del CIPP por complicaciones; solamente el calibre del CIPP y la edad de los pacientes estuvieron relacionados con este evento.


Abstract: Background: In pediatrics, complications of the peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC) are reported in 30% to 40% of cases, with the most frequent risk factors being the age of the patient and the location of PICC. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of PICCs and to identify factors related to their withdrawal due to complications. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Patients from 2 months to 18 years of age were included and followed-up until PICC was withdrawn. Age, sex, medications administered, PICC location, caliber, the number of lumens, days PICC was on the patient, and the reason for withdrawal was recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Two hundred and twenty-five patients were included. In 33.02%, PICC were withdrawn due to complications. In the bivariate analysis, age and location were factors associated with complications. A Cox proportional hazards model was performed. It was identified that only the caliber thickness (hazard ratio (HR): 0.5, confidence interval (CI)95%: 0.35-0.99) was associated with any complication, and age (HR: 1.02, CI95%: 1-1.04) only to the withdrawal of PICC due to suspected phlebitis. Conclusions: PICC withdrawal due to complications was performed in 33% of the patients. Risk factors related to complications were PICC caliber thickness and age.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Device Removal/statistics & numerical data , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Age Factors , Tertiary Care Centers , Hospitals, Pediatric
11.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 67(3): 314-317, Mar.-June 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-843400

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: Central venous catheterization of the internal jugular vein is a commonly performed invasive procedure associated with a significant morbidity and even mortality. Ultrasound-guided methods have shown to improve significantly the success of the technique and are recommended by various scientific societies, including the American Society of Anesthesiologists. The aim of this report is to describe an innovative ultrasound-guided central line placement of the internal jugular vein. Technique: The authors describe an innovative ultrasound-guided central line placement of the internal jugular vein based on an oblique approach - the "Syringe-Free" approach. This technique allows immediate progression of the guide wire in the venous lumen, while maintaining a real-time continuous ultrasound image. Conclusions: The described method adds to the traditional oblique technique the possibility of achieving a continuous real-time ultrasound-guided venipuncture and a guide wire insertion that does not need removing the probe from the puncture field, while having a single operator performing the whole procedure.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: A cateterização venosa central da veia jugular interna é um procedimento invasivo feito frequentemente e associado a morbilidade significativa e até mesmo mortalidade. Os métodos guiados por ultrassonografia têm demonstrado uma melhoria do sucesso desse procedimento e são recomendados por várias sociedades científicas, incluindo a American Society of Anesthesiologists. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever uma abordagem inovadora de cateterização venosa central guiada por ultrassonografia no nível da veia jugular interna. Técnica: Os autores descrevem técnica ecoguiada inovadora de cateterização venosa central da veia jugular interna, baseada numa abordagem oblíqua - a abordagem Syringe-Free. Essa técnica permite uma progressão imediata do fio-guia ao longo do lúmen venoso e manter uma visualização ecográfica em tempo real e contínua. Conclusões: A técnica descrita acrescenta à técnica oblíqua tradicional a possibilidade de, com um único operador, conseguir uma punção venosa central com visualização ecográfica contínua e em tempo real associada à inserção do fio-guia sem necessidade de afastamento do transdutor de ultrassonografia do campo de punção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Jugular Veins/diagnostic imaging , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Equipment Design
12.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 14(4): 561-566, Oct.-Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840268

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Vascular punctures are often necessary in critically ill patients. They are secure, but not free of complications. Ultrasonography enhances safety of the procedure by decreasing puncture attempts, complications and costs. This study reviews important publications and the puncture technique using ultrasound, bringing part of the experience of the intensive care unit of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo (SP), Brazil, and discussing issues that should be considered in future studies.


RESUMO Punções vasculares são muitas vezes necessárias em pacientes gravemente enfermos. São seguras, mas não isentas de complicações. A ultrassonografia associada à técnica de punção gera diminuição do número de tentativas, de complicações e de custos. O presente artigo revisou importantes publicações sobre o tema, bem como técnicas de punções, trazendo parte da experiência do centro de terapia intensiva de adultos do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, em São Paulo (SP) e discutindo tópicos que devem ser melhor explorados em estudos futuros.


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Punctures/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Subclavian Vein , Axillary Vein , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Punctures/instrumentation , Vascular Access Devices , Jugular Veins
13.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 28(3): 330-334, jul.-set. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796169

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar e avaliar o posicionamento correto dos dispositivos médicos mais comumente utilizados, observados nas radiografias de tórax de pacientes durante a permanência em unidade de terapia intensiva de nosso centro. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica quanto aos critérios utilizados para avaliar o posicionamento correto dos dispositivos médicos nas radiografias de tórax. Avaliamos todas as radiografias de tórax realizadas na unidade de terapia intensiva de nosso centro durante um período de 18 meses. Incluíram-se todas as admissões nas quais foi realizada uma radiografia do tórax na unidade de terapia intensiva, nas quais fosse identificável a presença de pelo menos um dispositivo médico. Para análise, selecionou-se uma radiografia por admissão. As radiografias foram avaliadas por um observador independente. Resultados: De um total de 2.312 radiografias analisadas, 568 foram incluídas neste estudo. Identificaram-se diversos dispositivos médicos, incluindo eletrodos de monitoramento, tubos endotraqueais, cânulas de traqueostomia, cateteres venosos centrais, marca-passos e próteses valvares cardíacas. Dentre os cateteres venosos centrais identificados, 33,6% dos subclávios e 23,8% dos jugulares estavam mal posicionados. Dentre os tubos endotraqueais, 19,9% estavam mal posicionados, enquanto todas as cânulas de traqueostomia tinham posicionamento correto. Conclusão: Frequentemente se identificam, na radiografia de tórax realizada em pacientes na unidade de terapia intensiva, cateteres venosos e tubos endotraqueais mal posicionados. Isso é importante, pois dispositivos mal posicionados podem se relacionar a eventos adversos. Estudos futuros devem investigar possíveis associações entre o mau posicionamento dos dispositivos e eventos adversos.


ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and evaluate the correct positioning of the most commonly used medical devices as visualized in thoracic radiograms of patients in the intensive care unit of our center. Methods: A literature search was conducted for the criteria used to evaluate the correct positioning of medical devices on thoracic radiograms. All the thoracic radiograms performed in the intensive care unit of our center over an 18-month period were analyzed. All admissions in which at least one thoracic radiogram was performed in the intensive care unit and in which at least one medical device was identifiable in the thoracic radiogram were included. One radiogram per admission was selected for analysis. The radiograms were evaluated by an independent observer. Results: Out of the 2,312 thoracic radiograms analyzed, 568 were included in this study. Several medical devices were identified, including monitoring leads, endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes, central venous catheters, pacemakers and prosthetic cardiac valves. Of the central venous catheters that were identified, 33.6% of the subclavian and 23.8% of the jugular were malpositioned. Of the endotracheal tubes, 19.9% were malpositioned, while all the tracheostomy tubes were correctly positioned. Conclusion: Malpositioning of central venous catheters and endotracheal tubes is frequently identified in radiograms of patients in an intensive care unit. This is relevant because malpositioned devices may be related to adverse events. In future studies, an association between malpositioning and adverse events should be investigated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Intensive Care Units , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Retrospective Studies , Equipment and Supplies/adverse effects , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation
14.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(3): 475-476, July-Sep. 2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761956

ABSTRACT

Vein access can be challenging for a variety of patients. The development of robots-assisted central or peripheral veins puncture would facilitate life of health professionals and patients. New robots are under development for this purpose and probably they will become available for practical use in the near future. These techniques may decrease significantly the cost of medicine, which currently uses less informatics resources than other industries.


O acesso venoso pode ser difícil em muitos pacientes. O desenvolvimento de robôs com capacidade de puncionar veias centrais ou periféricas pode facilitar a vida dos profissionais de saúde e dos pacientes. Novos robôs estão sendo desenvolvidos para essa finalidade e, provavelmente, entrarão em uso na prática clínica em um futuro próximo. Técnicas como estas poderão baixar progressivamente o custo em medicina, que, atualmente, tem usado menos recursos de informática que outras áreas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization/instrumentation , Needles/trends , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Robotics/trends , Catheterization, Central Venous/economics , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheterization/economics , Punctures/instrumentation
15.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 64(6): 419-424, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-728863

ABSTRACT

Background and objective: The present study aimed to evaluate whether right subclavian vein (SCV) catheter insertion depth can be predicted reliably by the distances from the SCV insertion site to the ipsilateral clavicular notch directly (denoted as I-IC), via the top of the SCV arch, or via the clavicle (denoted as I-T-IC and I-C-IC, respectively). Method: In total, 70 SCV catheterizations were studied. The I-IC, I-T-IC, and I-C-IC distances in each case were measured after ultrasound-guided SCV catheter insertion. The actual length of the catheter between the insertion site and the ipsilateral clavicular notch, denoted as L, was calculated by using chest X-ray. Results: L differed from the I-T-IC, I-C-IC, and I-IC distances by 0.14±0.53, 2.19±1.17, and -0.45 ±0.68 cm, respectively. The mean I-T-IC distance was the most similar to the mean L (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.89). The mean I-IC was significantly shorter than L, while the mean I-C-IC was significantly longer. Linear regression analysis provided the following formula: Predicted SCV catheter insertion length (cm) = -0.037 + 0.036 × Height (cm) + 0.903 × I-T-IC (cm) (adjusted r2 =0.64). Conclusion: The I-T-IC distance may be a reliable bedside predictor of the optimal insertion length for a right SCV cannulation. .


Justificativa e objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se a profundidade de inserção de cateter em veia subclávia (VSC) direita pode ser prevista de forma confiável pelas distâncias do local de inserção na VSC até a incisura clavicular ipsilateral (I-IC), passando diretamente pela parte superior do arco da VSC ou da clavícula (denominadas i-T-IC e i-C-IC, respectivamente). Método: No total, 70 cateterismos de VSC foram estudados. As distâncias I-IC, I-T-IC e I-C-IC de cada caso foram mensuradas após a inserção do cateter guiada por ultrassom. O comprimento do cateter entre o local de inserção e a incisura clavicular ipsilateral (L) foi calculado por meio de radiografia. Resultados: As diferenças em centímetros de L em relação às distâncias I-T-IC, I-C-IC e I-IC foram de 0,14±0,53; 2,19±1,17 e 0,45±0,68 respectivamente. A média de I-IC foi significativamente menor que L, enquanto a média de I-C-IC foi significativamente maior. A análise de regressão linear forneceu a seguinte fórmula: Comprimento previsto da inserção de cateter em VSC (cm) = -0,037 + 0,036 × Altura (cm) + 0,903 × I-T-IC (cm) (r2 ajustado = 0,64). Conclusão: A distância I-T-IC pode ser um preditivo confiável do comprimento de inserção ideal para canulação em VSC direita. .


Introducción y objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar si la profundidad de inserción de catéter en vena subclavia (VSC) derecha puede ser prevista de forma confiable por las distancias del lugar de inserción en la VSC hasta la incisión clavicular ipsilateral (denominada I-IC), pasando directamente por la parte superior del arco de la VSC o de la clavícula (denominadas I-T-IC y I-C-IC, respectivamente). Método: En total se estudiaron 70 cateterismos de VSC. Las distancias I-IC, I-T-IC e I-C-IC de cada caso fueron medidas después de la inserción del catéter guiada por ultrasonido. La extensión del catéter entre la región de inserción y la incisión clavicular ipsilateral, denominada L, fue calculada por medio de radiografía. Resultados: Las diferencias en centímetros de L con relación a las distancias I-I- IC, I-C-IC e I-IC fueron de 0,14±0,53, 2,19±1,17 y 0,45±0,68, respectivamente. La media de I-IC fue significativamente menor que L, mientras que la media de I-C-IC fue significativamente mayor. El análisis de regresión linear suministró la siguiente fórmula: Extensión prevista de la inserción de catéter en VSC (cm) = -0,037 + 0,036 × altura (cm) + 0,903 × I-T-IC (cm) (r2 ajustado = 0,64). Conclusión: La distancia I-T-IC puede ser un predictor confiable de la extensión de la inserción ideal para la canalización en la VSC derecha. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Subclavian Vein , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Ultrasonics/instrumentation , Radiography/instrumentation
16.
Acta cir. bras ; 29(8): 493-498, 08/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-719188

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To establish a model to simulate the clinical specific process of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) on rabbits, and detect how long the catheter can be indwelled. METHODS: Seventeen healthy New Zealand white rabbits were inserted the PICC according to the clinical specific procedure. With the principle of random, the rabbits were divided into four groups (14d, 21d, 28d, 35d). Each group contains four rabbits, and Group 1 was served as blank control group. When finishing the experiment, we took the blood vessels which was inserted the catheter and observed the changes of vascular endothelium using the Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS: 90% animals were succeeded in inserting PICC. Early signs of endovascular inflammation were predominantly neutrophils, then mainly monocytes, visible fibrous tissue hyperplasia of the vessel wall, vascular endothelial proliferation and granuloma formation. And after that the irreversible changes in the blood vessels could be observed, especially five weeks after catheterization. CONCLUSIONS: We have succeeded in establishing the rabbit model for peripherally inserted central catheter, and provided a new way for nursing teaching and training. Since the irreversible changes of the vascular endothelium, it is recommended that the time of indwelling is not more than five weeks on animal. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Catheterization, Peripheral/methods , Models, Animal , Catheters, Indwelling , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheterization, Peripheral/adverse effects , Catheterization, Peripheral/instrumentation , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Random Allocation , Time Factors , Vena Cava, Superior
17.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2013 Oct; 16(4): 296-298
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-149673

ABSTRACT

Internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization is a routine technique in the intensive care unit. Ultrasound (US) guided central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is now the recommended standard. However, mechanical complications still occur due to non‑visualization of the introducer needle tip during US guidance. This may result in arterial or posterior venous wall puncture or pneumothorax. We describe a new technique of (IJV) catheterization using US, initially the depth of the IJV from the skin is measured in short‑axis and then using real time US long‑axis view guidance a marked introducer needle is advanced towards the IJV to the defined depth measured earlier in the short axis and the IJV is identified, assessed and cannulated for the CVC insertion. Our technique is simple and may reduce mechanical complications of US guided CVC insertion.


Subject(s)
Adult , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Humans , Jugular Veins/diagnostic imaging , Male
19.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(1): 51-55, Feb. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578816

ABSTRACT

Biofilm production is an important mechanism that allows microbes to escape host defences and antimicrobial therapy. Vancomycin has been used largely for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections. Here, we determined the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) for 82 Staphylococcus species isolated from central venous catheters (CVC). Our results showed that the 41 strong and moderate-biofilm-producing isolates presented a higher MBEC/MIC ratio for vancomycin than the 24 weak-biofilm-producing isolates, illustrating the importance of biofilm production ability and the difficulty in treating biofilm-related infections. The MBEC was significantly higher in moderate-biofilm-producing isolates than in weak-biofilm-producing isolates (p < 0.001) and in strong-biofilm-producing isolates than in weak-biofilm-producing isolates (p = 0.001). The correlation between the MIC and the MBEC was poor. Based on our results, we recommend that bacterial biofilms be suspected in all cases of CVC infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Biofilms/growth & development , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Catheters, Indwelling , Staphylococcus , Vancomycin Resistance , Biofilms , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Staphylococcus , Staphylococcus , Staphylococcus/physiology
20.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2011 Jan; 14(1): 41-44
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139560

ABSTRACT

A patient for double valve replacement developed an unusual complication consequent to extra-vascular displacement of a port of a central venous catheter, placed through the right subclavian vein. The patient had an uneventful surgical course and the trachea extubated after routine mechanical ventilation. Patient developed excessive mediastinal drainage later, which was noticed to be watery in nature. The source of the drainage was found to be a port of the central venous catheter, draining extra-vascular into the subclavian vascular sheath and thereafter through the pericardium into the mediastinal drains.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aortic Valve/surgery , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/instrumentation , Female , Humans , Mitral Valve/surgery , Pericardium , Subclavian Vein
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